Study Guide Chapter 5 (Test 1)

World History Study Guide Test 1

Test Dates: 26th-27th of August.

Directions:

**Please read over all the material. Test will be a combination of multiple choice, fill in the blank and matching. 

Enlightenment Thinkers – Montesquieu, Locke and Hobbes.

Enlightenment originated in France.

There were two main sources of power in Europe which were (Church and Monarchs “King and Queen”)

Salons – were places where intellectual thought were spread through musicians, artist, philosophers and writers.

Dennis Diderot – came out with the encyclopedia. Books that compiled scientific knowledge for people to read.

Baron de Montesquieu –  3 branches of government, separation of powers, checks and balances.

Government Structure

Three branches of government. 1. Executive 2. Judicial 3.Legislative

Legislative has two branches – 1.Senate 2. House of Representatives

Example: President holds the right to Veto Congress.   

John Locke

Locke- Wanted a weak government.

Locke believed people should fight for their own powers.

If one did not like their government they could then overthrow it.

Hobbes argued for a strong government.

Hobbes believed life without government would be short, brutish and overall ugly.

Hobbes believed people to be greedy, selfish by nature therefore needed to be supervised.

Adam Smith – free market, laissez faire (The American Model)

US Bill of Rights – Some of the Freedoms

Free Press, Freedom of speech/press, No unreasonable searches and seizures, speedy trial, right to bear arms

Treaty of Paris – recognized the independence of America from England.

Enlightened Despot – Absolute Ruler (King) (Queen) example: Fredrick the Great, King James, Catherine the Great.

Popular Sovereignty – all governmental power comes from the people.

Name 5 of the 13 Colonies – Rhode Island, Georgia, S. Carolina, N. Carolina, Virginia, Delaware, Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, Massachusetts, Maryland, Connecticut, New Hampshire